After the Iranian Constitution, many political and social changes occurred. During this period, the Bakhtiari people played an important role in the country''s political developments. At different stages, they were influential in advancing the goals of the revolution, either by supporting the fighters or fighting against the authoritarian power. The return of Mohammad Ali Shah to Iran and the rebellion against the central government were important events. The main issue of this research is to examine and analyze the role of the Bakhtiari people in the events after the Constitution and the return of Mohammad Ali Shah. This research uses a qualitative method to collect information from reliable sources and analyze them to answer the question of how the Bakhtiari people played a role in the post-constitutional period.

By examining historical documents, memoirs, government reports, and secondary sources, this research seeks to present a comprehensive and documented picture of the role of the Bakhtiari people in this critical period of Iranian history. The ultimate goal of this research is to better understand the role of Iranian people in shaping the contemporary history of Iran and to identify the factors affecting the political and social developments of that era. The results of this research show that the Bakhtiari tribe, given their military and political power, played an effective role in the post-constitutional period and were one of the effective factors in establishing constitutionalism in Iran.