Research Journal of Bakhtiari Studies and Iranian Ethnicities

Research Journal of Bakhtiari Studies and Iranian Ethnicities

The Implications of Replacing Iranian Wool with Merino Wool on the Technical and Aesthetic Characteristics of the Bakhtiari Felt Hat

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Ehsan Zarei Farsani
Department of Art, Shahrekord University
10.22034/bsriit.2026.15154.1037
Abstract
The Bakhtiari felt hat is one of the distinctive elements of traditional men’s clothing among the Bakhtiari people and, in addition to its protective function, carries cultural, identity-related, and aesthetic values. The quality of this hat is directly associated with the type of wool, the preparation of fibers, the skill of the felt maker, and the felt-forming process. In recent years, some producers have shown interest in using Merino wool instead of Iranian wools, or in combination with them, due to its softness, fineness, and desirable initial appearance. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines the implications of replacing or blending Iranian wool with Merino wool in the production of Bakhtiari felt hats. The analytical findings indicate that Merino wool can offer advantages in terms of softness, surface uniformity, lighter color, and certain abrasion-related properties. However, its complete substitution may lead to reduced structural stability, deformation, deviation from the traditional appearance, and weakening of the cultural authenticity of the hat. Accordingly, in the production of authentic Bakhtiari felt hats, the use of Merino wool as a complete substitute for Iranian wool is not recommended. Rather, if necessary, it may be used in a limited and controlled manner as a modifying component in combination with Iranian wool.
Keywords
Bakhtiari felt hat
Cultural authenticity
Felt durability
Felting
Iranian wool
Merino wool

  • Receive Date 06 July 2026
  • Accept Date 05 August 2026